Showing posts with label Saligrama. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Saligrama. Show all posts

Tuesday, 31 December 2013

The seer who was a Rudra Amsha

Before he took Deekshe, he was a Shanubhog and he was called  Ananthappa. It was Vibudhendra Theertha who saw him at  Agnihalu village near the confluence of the Krishna and the Bheema.
Vibudhendra Theertha taught Sandhyavandana to Ananthappa.
He gave a Narasimha Saligrama to Ananthappa and advised him to perform Sandhyavandhana and Saligrama pooje regularly.
Ananthappa began his routine in accordance with the instructions of Vibhudhendra Theertha. He performed Sandhyavandhana and then offered Naivedya to the Saligrama.
When the Saligrama did not take the offering, Ananthappa got angry and offered to die if  the Narasimha saligrama did not take the offering.
The Saligrama opened and Ananthappa fed it with the Naivedya. Soon, this became a regular routine. In 1490, Vibhudhendra Theertha again came to the village and he met Ananthappa who by then had transformed into a pious and holy man, immersed in religion and prayer.  
The seer had been granted the village of Angihalu by the Vijayanagar Emperor. He was wonderstruck when he saw the saligrama partaking the Naivedya. He decided to nominate Ananthappa as the successor of the matha that he headed.
He conferred sanyasa on Ananthappa and entrusted the Samsthana of the Sri matha to him. Vibudhendra then proceeded towards Tamrapani, in Tamil Nadu, where he entered Brindavana.
It was after sanyasa that Ananthappa came to be called Jitamitra. He was the 12th seer to sit on the Sri matha after Madhwacharya.
Jitamitra Theertha taught his students under a gum tree on a mound between the Krishna and the Bheema rivers as he considered this spot to be as sacred as Prayag. Every day, the students and onlookers saw a Jangama attending his classes. The students always wondered who this Jangama was.
Once, when the Krishna was in spate, Jitamitra Theertha was meditating under the gum tree. The Krishna submerged the entire mound and it did not recede for seven days. Later the flood receded and the students were amazed to see Jitamitra Theertha sitting in meditation. The students saw that not a drop of water had touched the seer.
This incident occurred a second time and this time around the seer had disappeared. When his devotees and students began searching for him, they heard the voice of Jitamitra Theertha saying  that he had disappeared and that there was no need for a Brindavana for him. The voice of the seer said the gum tree under which he sat and taught them should be worshipped. Accordingly, the gum tree came to be worshipped. Even today, the gum tree exists and it is being worshipped everyday.
Legend has it that Jitamitra was a Rudramsha. When Susheelendra Theertha of Mantralaya Raghavendra Swamy Matha went there, he saw Jitamitra in the form of a Bairagi at the nearby Sangameshwara temple. The Bairagi disappeared into the sanctum sanctorum which has an idol of  Shiva.
Before disappearing from view, Jitamitra Theertha had visited Bichale and planted a gum tree there. It was on this gum tree that Appanacharya used to hang raw rice kept in a cloth and start teaching his students. When he finished his classes, the rice would have boiled.
Sripadaraja also visited Bichale and he consecrated an idol of Narasimha near the gum tree. He also wrote a beautiful poem in praise of  Jitamitra Theertha.
The poem in Sanskrit and Kannada is as follows:


वंदने माडिरै यतिकुलचंद्रन पाडिरै ॥प॥
बंद दुरितगळ हिंदे आनंद पडुवे विबुधॆंद्र करॊद्भवर ॥अ.प॥

रघुकुलवर पुत्र रामन चरण करुणापात्र।
निगमॊक्तिय सूत्र पाठ पठिसुव सुगुण जितामित्र॥
नगधर श्री पन्नगशयनन गुण
पोगळुव अपार अगणित महिमर ॥१॥

वरमहात्मे तिळिसि मोदलिंदीपरियंददि चरिसि।
निरुत मनव निलिसि श्रीहरि करि वरदन ओलिसि
धरे जनरिगे अरियदे मरेयागुत
हरुषदि गॊनद तरुवल्लिरुवर ॥२॥

मुददि कृष्णा तटिय मध्यदि सदनद परिय
सतदामल यतिवर्य तपमौनदलि इद्दु (द्रुत) करिय(कार्य)
ओदगि नदियु सूसुत बरलॆळु दिन-
कुदयादवर सुपद कमलंगळ ॥३॥

मास मार्गशीर्षाराधनेगशॆषदिन अमावास्य
दासरु प्रतिवरुष माळ्परु लॆसेनलु श्रितिगॊष
काशिय क्षॆत्र स्थळ मिगिलै
दासरिगे भूसरि पदंगळ ॥४॥

मध्व शास्त्र ग्रंथसारद पद्धति तिळिदंथ
अद्वैत पंथ मुरिदु मत उद्धरिसिदंथ
रुद्रवंद्य मूरुति रंगविठलन पद
पद्माराधक प्रसिद्ध मुनींद्रर ॥५॥


The poem in Kannada is:
ವಂದನೆ ಮಾಡಿರೈ ಯತಿಕುಲಚಂದ್ರನ ಪಾಡಿರೈ ||||
ಬಂದ ದುರಿತಗಳ ಹಿಂದೆ ಆನಂದ ಪಡುವೆ ವಿಬುಧೇಂದ್ರ ಕರೋದ್ಭವರ ||.||

ರಘುಕುಲವರ ಪುತ್ರ ರಾಮನ ಚರಣ ಕರುಣಾಪಾತ್ರ|
ನಿಗಮೋಕ್ತಿಯ ಸೂತ್ರ ಪಾಠ ಪಠಿಸುವ ಸುಗುಣ ಜಿತಾಮಿತ್ರ||
ನಗಧರ ಶ್ರೀ ಪನ್ನಗಶಯನನ ಗುಣ |
ಪೊಗಳುವ ಅಪಾರ ಅಗಣಿತ ಮಹಿಮರ ||||

ವರಮಹಾತ್ಮೆ ತಿಳಿಸಿ ಮೊದಲಿಂದೀಪರಿಯಂದದಿ ಚರಿಸಿ|
ನಿರುತ ಮನವ ನಿಲಿಸಿ ಶ್ರೀಹರಿ ಕರಿ ವರದನ ಒಲಿಸಿ ||
ಧರೆ ಜನರಿಗೆ ಅರಿಯದೆ ಮರೆಯಾಗುತ |
ಹರುಷದಿ ಗೋನದ ತರುವಲ್ಲಿರುವರ ||||

ಮುದದಿ ಕೃಷ್ಣಾ ತಟಿಯ ಮಧ್ಯದಿ ಸದನದ ಪರಿಯ |
ಸತದಾಮಲ ಯತಿವರ್ಯ ತಪಮೌನದಲಿ ಇದ್ದು (ದ್ರುತ) ಕರಿಯ(ಕಾರ್ಯ) ||
ಒದಗಿ ನದಿಯು ಸೂಸುತ ಬರಲೇಳು ದಿನ-|
ಕುದಯಾದವರ ಸುಪದ ಕಮಲಂಗಳ ||||

ಮಾಸ ಮಾರ್ಗಶೀರ್ಷಾರಾಧನೆಗಶೇಷದಿನ ಅಮಾವಾಸ್ಯ |
ದಾಸರು ಪ್ರತಿವರುಷ ಮಾಳ್ಪರು ಲೇಸೆನಲು ಶ್ರಿತಿಗೋಷ ||
ಕಾಶಿಯ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರ ಸ್ಥಳ ಮಿಗಿಲೈ
ದಾಸರಿಗೆ ಭೂಸರಿ ಪದಂಗಳ ||||

ಮಧ್ವ ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ ಗ್ರಂಥಸಾರದ ಪದ್ಧತಿ ತಿಳಿದಂಥ |
ಅದ್ವೈತ ಪಂಥ ಮುರಿದು ಮತ ಉದ್ಧರಿಸಿದಂಥ ||
ರುದ್ರವಂದ್ಯ ಮೂರುತಿ ರಂಗವಿಠಲನ ಪದ |
ಪದ್ಮಾರಾಧಕ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಮುನೀಂದ್ರರ ||||


The aradhane of this great saint of Mantralaya Raghavendra Swamy Matha is being celebrated for three days from December 31 at Jitamitra Gadde, Shivpur, in Yadgir. The senior and jujior pontiff of the Mantralaya Matha will grace the occasion.

Monday, 31 December 2012

Where people swore before a god not to lie with a Judge watching

If you want to depose in a court of law as a witness in India you have to take oath or swear on the Bhagavath Geetha. The oath says that you tell the court the truth and nothing but the truth. This is the practice followed in almost all courts in all the states of India.
This practice of swearing or taking oath by placing one’s hand on a holy book emanated from the British and it has continued till date.
But did you that till 1950, swearing to tell the truth could also be done before a God and that God was Narasimha.
People who went to a court in and around Saligrama in Udupi were permitted to swear that they would tell the truth if front of the Narasimha idol.
If the person so desired to take the oath before the Lord, the Judge himself would come down from the court to the temple of  Srimad Yogananda Guru Narasimha in Saligrama where the person would take his oath top tell the truth.
However, swearing to tell the trust was not a mere formality. There was an elaborate ritual that would have to be followed. Such a person would have to first take bath in the both the Kalyanis or temple tanks.
The Narasimha in this temple is the chief deity of Saligrama. As such, people believed that they would suffer if they told a lie before Narasimha. Such was the fear of Narasimha’s anger that people rarely swore wrongly before him.        
Once the person completed taking bathe in both the tanks, he would come into the temple from the door at the side, wearing the wet clothes.
He would then be asked to ring the two pramana bells hung near the main entrance. He would then be asked to come up to the front of the sanctum and then light six lamps. Once this was done, he would be permitted to take oath. After this, he would be asked to blow out the lights from the six lamps he had himself lit.
This entire procedure would be repeated two more times. In all, the person would follow this unique ritual thrice.   
This practice continued in the temple till the 1950s after which it was discontinued.
According to the Padma Purana, the idol of Guru Narasimha in Saligrama appeared at the bottom of a pipal tree holding Shanka (conch) and Chakra (disc) in its hands. Narada then installed the idol here.
Another legend relating to the deity is about Lokaditya, the son of Mayura Varma of the Kadambas who came here along with his Army and a group of Brahmins led by a person called  Bhattacharya.
The Brahmins performed mahayagas like Poundra and  Atiratra at the request of  Lokaditya. The Brahmins invoked the blessings of Maha Ganapati at the start of the yagnas.
Ganapathi then appeared in the dreams of Bhattacharya with 10 hands and told him to re-install the idol of Lord Yogananda Narasimha. He also told Bhattacharya that from, henceforth, Narasimha himself will be the Guru and god for the Brahmins of the 14 villages surrounding the temple in Saligrama.
To this day, the Brahmins of these 14 villages, known as Kota Brahmins treat and follow Narasimha as their sole Guru. Though they are all Brahmins, they do not owe allegiance to any of the mathas.
The idol of Narasimha is made of the Saligrama. It is seated in a yogic posture on a Mahaganapati yantra. There is another story for this. Bhattacharya witnessed lions and elephants living on harmony here. He, therefore, called this place as Nirvairya sthala- meaning the place of no enemity.
The idol faces west and the two tanks are located on either sides of its hands namely, the Shanka Teertha and the Chakra Theertha.
There is a small crack in the top of the idol. According to the priest, the idol was initially facing east. Because of the Ugra nature of Narasimha, the crops which fell under the gaze (of the eyesight) of the idol were burnt to ashes.
An angry Brahmin once struck the idol with a plough and crack appeared there. Subsequently, an idol of Anjaneya was put up outside the temple directly looking at  the eye level of Guru Narsimha.
The Anjaneya idol was installed there to reduce the Ugra nature of Narasimha and stop the burning of crops.
There is an idol of  Durga Parameshwari next to Guru Narasimha and exactly opposite Maha Ganapathi.
Saligrama is 23 kms north of Udupi. There are direct buses from Udupi and Mangalore, 


Thursday, 13 December 2012

Saligrama in a Madhwa household

Perhaps the most sacred possession in a pooja room, the Saligrama occupies an important place in the religious and daily life of a Vaishanava household. This is so as a Saligrama is associated with Vishnu.
The Saligrama is found near Muktinath or Saligrama in Mustang district in the Gandaki or Narayani river in Nepal. It is considered to be special avatar of  Maha Vishnu. Geologically, the Saligrama is a naturally formed stone, mostly in black. They are fossil ammoniate.
Muktinath is situated between Dhaulagiri and Annapurna mountain ranges and the Gandaki flows through the village of Saligrama and Ashrama of  Pulaha. In ancient times, this areas was called Salagiris due to the forests of Sala (sal) trees. The stones found in this region are therefore called Saligrama or Silas
There are generally believed to be 25 types of Saligrama and they are categorised as per the colour, shape, opening and chakras.  
Another stone that is as powerful as the Saligrama and as religiously significant is the Chakranika, a White stone found only in Dwaraka.
The Saligrama is found in other colors too such as reddish black but such Saligramas are not worshiped in houses.
Therefore, the Saligrama is always placed in a sanctified box with Tulasi (Lakshmi).
The sacred Saligrama stones (black ammonite stone), are found only on the bed of river Gandak near Muktinath, Nepal. These naturally formed stones are used by devout Hindus to worship Lord Vishnu.
The indentations (Chakra) on the Saligramas are made by a certain type of worms called Vajra Keeta-adamanita worms . The tooth of these insects are said to hard and they can easily cut through stones.
These insects drill very minute holes in the Saligrama and they are called Vandana or mouth. If you can see through these holes, you can come across round like formations within the Saligrama and these are called Chakras. These markings are either circular or spiral.
Legends says it is Vishnu himself who resides in these Saligramas, taking the shape of the worm.  
Saligramas that emit a red light are called Ranta Garbha. There can be any number of chakras in a Saligrama and such stones with seven or fourteen chakras are called Ananta Padmanabha Murthi
A Saligrama with two holes and four chakras is known as Narayana Murti.
If the Chakranika and Saligrama are kept together in a pooja room, the household will always be under the grace and benevolent vision of  Vishnu.
If you want to pray to a Saligrama at home, go for a smaller stone.
If the Saligrama fits your closed fist, it means it is suitable for home. Otherwise, it is better to give it to a temple or matha.
There are twenty four main types of Saligrama and they are worshipped as per the marks of a shankha, Chakra, gada and padma arranged in a particular order.
The various orders and names for the twenty four permutations are as follows:
Shanka, chakra, gada and padma - Keshava
Padma, gada, chakra, shanka - Narayana
Chakra, shanka, padma and gada - Madhava
Gada, Padma, Shanka and Chakra - Govinda
Padma, shanka, chakra and gada – Vishnu
Shanka, padma, gada, chakra – Madusudhana
Gada, chakra, shanka and padma – Trivikrama
Chakra, gada, padma, shanka - Vamana
Chakra, padma, shanka, gada - Shridhara
Padma, gada, shanka, charka - Hrishikesh
Padma, chakra,gada, shanka - Padmanabha
Shanka, chakra, gada, padma - Damodara
Chakra, shanka, gada, padma - Sankarshana
Shanka, chakra, padma, gada - Pradyumna
Gada, shanka, padma, charka - Aniruddha
Padma, shanka, gada, chakra - Purushottama
Gadha, shanka, chakra, padma - Adhokshaja
Padma, gada, shanka, charka - Narasimha
Padma, chakra, shanka, gada – Achyuta
Shanka, chakra, padma, gada - Janardana
Gada, padma, shanka, chakra - Upendra
Chakra, padma, gada and shanka – Hari
Gada, padma, chakra and shanka - Krishna
Shanka, charka, padma, gada – Vasudeva
      
Another classification based on the name is as follows:
Narasimha-This is the most powerful Saligrama and also the most difficult to maintain in a house as it requires Madi of the highest order. It contains two chakras.  
Lakshminarayana Saligrama is light dark in color and it has one opening. This stone has four chakras and one line.
The Pradhyumna Saligrama is small and it has one chakra on the top. It has irregular openings.
The Aniruddah Saligrama is almost round, light yellow to yellow in colour. It has a fine and silky appearence.
Among the most popular Saligramas is the Krishna or Vasudeva Saligrama. The Puranas say if we keeo this Saligrama at hiome, it is equivalent to worshipping Krishna. Just as the Anirudha, this too is round and it has one opening surrounded by two chakras.
The Sankarshana Saligrama is a unique one as it has two chakras facing each other. It is narrow in the front and wider at the back. The Lakshmi Narasimha Saligrama has a wide opening, two chakra an also has a garland type of line.
Hayagriva Saligrama is a horse faced stone with two chakras and the Sudarshana Saligrama  has only one chakra as is the Gadadhara Saligrama.
Madhusudana Saligrama is dark cloudy in colour and is in the shape of a wheel.
Another Saligrama is the Lakshminarayana with one opening and  a garland like line. It has four chakras and it is considered to be a rare form of stone.
The Lakshmi Janardana Saligrama has four chakras, the Vamana Saligrama is small in size, lighter in shade of black and has  two chakras with no opening.
The Sridhara Saligrama is also small in size and light black in colour and the Raghunatha Saligrama has two openings and four chakras.
Damodara Saligrama is big in size and it is this that is generally present in temples. It has two chakras. The Rama Saligrama is round in size and it has two chakras. It is not as big as the Damodara.
There are seven chakras in the Rajarajeshwara Saligrama and the
Anantha Saligrama is pitch black with 14 chakras. This is considered to be the holiest of the Saligramas.It is also very rare.
The Saligramas in Gandaki cane be found on the river bed extending to 24 miles. The place where the Saligrama is found is known as Chakra-Tirtha.
The Saligrama, fossil ammonite, found in the Himalayas, is upper Jurasic geologically aged  between 145 to 210 million years old.
The Saligrama Silas are in fact fossils of a marine animal called Ammonite which is one of a large extinct group of mollusks.
The worship of the Saligrama is very elaborate and it makes no difference which Saligrama a person has.
The Panchayatana worship (Vaishnava agama) has sixteen stages in the worship of a Saligrama. They are (1) Avahana (invocation); (2) Asana (offering a seat for the gods to sit down); (3) Padya (offering of water for washing the feet); (4) Arghya (offering of rice, etc.); (5) Achamane (offering of water for sipping); (6) Snana (offering of milk and honey for the gods to bathe in); (7) Vastra (offering of clothes represented by Tulsi leaves); (8) Upavastra (offering of upper garments and ornaments, represented by more Tulsi leaves); (9) Gandha or Chandana (offering of perfumes and sandal paste); (10) Pushpa (offering of flowers); (11) Dhupa (offering of incense); (12) Deepa (illumination); (13) Naivedya (offering of food); (14) Pradikshana (reverential circumbulation); (15) Mantrapushpa (offering flowers with recitation of texts); and (16) Namashkara (final adoration).
 During each of these sixteen acts, the worshipper repeats one of the sixteen verses of the Purusha sukta (hymn) of the Rig Veda.
The biggest Saligrama found so far is in on the banks of Gandaki in Palpa district adjoining Syangja in Nepal.
This huge Saligrama is considered to be the incarnation of Lord Vishnu.